Death Penalty and the American Criminal Justice Research Paper

Death Penalty and the American Criminal Justice - Research Paper Example It is aligned with the retributive justice system where there is a focus on the crime, the criminal and punishment and justice is meted within the "eye for an eye" context. Capital punishment has been sanctioned mainly because it is supposed to serve three purposes: deterrence to crime, retribution for the victim and repentance on the part of the criminal. According to Banner, these promised benefits have not been met (23). Particularly, the death penalty failed to drive a decrease in heinous crimes. In addition, claiming the life of an offender for retribution and repentance is morally inconsistent. There is the ethical challenge of weighing the lives of the innocent against that of the guilty. This is further aggravated by the position that the government is partially to blame for failing to prevent serious crimes. There is the position that individual offenders are not the sole responsible for criminality so there is the question of whether they should be made to bear the brunt of such extreme punishment. These variables tend to violate the morality and ethics of using death penalty in order to serve their stated purposes. The American Law Institute, the very organization that created the death penalty through the Model Penal Code of 1963, withdrew its approval of the capital punishment. The organization argued that death penalty is not aligned with the core legal values of the United States that is why it should never have been sanctioned in the first place (Hood & Deva, 182). This was highlighted by Zimring and Simon when they pointed out that there is always a risk of error in administering the death penalty and the consequences of this event far outweigh the potential benefits in terms of harm done and the justice being called for in the resolution of crimes (158). The US Supreme Court is also known to support its abolition. Early decisions have established the judicial view that capital punishment is  unconstitutional and it violates the Eighth Amendm ent of the US Constitution.

Organization Psychology and Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organization Psychology and Behavior - Essay Example organizations assign responsibility to its people, develops hierarchy, discusses rules and regulations and how these elements collaborate together in affecting the overall life of the organization. This frame revolves around how an organization keenly steps forward to develop, train, manage, motivate and reward its employees. For majority of the organizations, their employees are their key assets. This frame also deals with issues that can give rise to employee satisfaction, retention, training and development. The frame revolves around the political aspects within an organization. It defines that how one can gain power; lose the authority, competition for scarce resources and the ability and the need to establish coalitions with other people. It also discusses that how people make new relations and cultivates friendship with other people within an organization on the basis of loyalty and negotiation skills. This frame discusses that how an organizational culture, the symbolic behaviors of the employees, rituals, organizational development, creativity, communication and organization represents itself through it’s vision, mission, values and goals. The ‘Safety Memo’ issue can be resolved if all and everyone in the organization have focused more on its hierarchical level. The Structure of the company was itself a problem; giving rise to many problems such as the loss control process by different individuals. The gap between different levels of managements has given rise to communication gap and therefore, it is one of the reasons that the company should focus on enhancing its hierarchical structure in more organized manner. It is important for the employees to resolve their issues verbally with each other rather accusing one another for the mistakes. It is also very important for the organization to build trust between employees in a working sphere. Every team or employee should have a strong reporting end that can defend his team or employees in front of

Comparing Catherine MacKinnons Not A Moral Issue and Sallie Tisdale’s

Comparing Catherine MacKinnon's Not A Moral Issue and Sallie Tisdale’s Talk Dirty to Me Professor’s Comment: This powerful essay contrasts the views of two feminist, Catherine MacKinnon and Sallie Tisdale, each of which perceives pornography in widely divergent ways. While MacKinnon's 'Not A Moral Issue' explains the adverse impacts of pornography to women and society as a whole, Tisdale's 'Talk Dirty to Me: An Intimate Philosophy of Sex' is receptive to pornography despite these adverse impacts, suggesting in fact that the solution to the problems associated with pornography is a greater role of women in production of that pornography. Breasts and booties, buns and knockers. Type these words into a search field and be prepared. The presence of pornographic and "obscene" material is rampant: in commercial advertising, on primetime television, and in every Danielle Steel novel. Such an over-abundance of disputed material introduces many questions for discussion. One must ask, why there is such a demand for these products and why have they created a forum of controversy from left- and right-wingers, as well as feminists and chauvinists? What, then, is pornography? Is it the art of sex, a struggle against morality, the world's leading epidemic of sexual violence, or the ongoing struggle for First Amendment rights? Pornography, as defined by the American Heritage Dictionary, is "sexually explicit pictures, writing, or other material whose primary purpose is to cause sexual arousal". This definition, however, lacks the clarity of realistically differentiating between pornography and erotica, and leaves room for interpreting the true meaning of "explicit." The issue at debate, however, is neither the naming nor identifying po... ... modern sexual revolution, but also to a third wave of feminism, is understandably disgruntling for right-wing conservatives. The questions about the unknown effects of this controversial media are endless. What if pornography poses such a great threat not for it's graphic sexual depictions or 'immorality', but for it's potential to encourage both men and women to lead lives of sexual freedom, without the antiquated ideals of nuclear families and desk jobs? Perhaps it is pornographic and sex-trade industries, which are blamed for the loss of contemporary social morality and ethics, that will prescribe new ideals of life in the future. Works Cited Catherine MacKinnon 'Not A Moral Issue' 1993 Martha Nussbaum Sex and Social Justice Oxford University Press, 2000 Tisdale, Sallie. Talk Dirty to Me: An Intimate Philosophy of Sex. New York: Doubleday, 1994.

Analysis the operations management of Starbucks Essay

Operations management concentrates on managing process. All operations focus on the process of input, transformation and output. Operations management will concern about the cost of ingredients, labor requirements, and customer satisfaction. (Heizer, J, p, 39). So all the operators need to concentrate on some main objects of operations management such as capacity, quality, variability, and queuing. They should treat the task of balancing the supply with demand as their primary work. This essay will introduce the idea of how the operations are performed in Starbucks and how the relation between supply and demand is influenced. In the first section it will clarify the capacity and demand management. Regarding the second section it will point out the method in Starbucks to balance the supply and demand in quality aspect. Quality is the soul of a company,said Schurz in 2003. And the author can not agreed any more about this. For the final section it will discuss about the strategies whic h made by Starbucks to eliminate the problems occurred in queuing. Capacity management used to be called â€Å"demand management† (Crandall and Markland, 1996) or â€Å"managing capacity and demand† (Fitzsimmons and Fitzsimmons, 2004). Capacity management attempts to ensure the service runs well and satisfy the visitors’ requirements(Klassen and Rohleder, 2002). In terms of MRP, namely the material requirement planning, MRP is a manufacturing project as well as practical technology. It begins with defining products based on forecasting of market demands and customers’ order. Following this, a plan based on the producing progress of products, products’ material form and stock situation is formed. With the help of computer to calculate the needed amount and time, it then can clarify the manufacture progress and order schedule (Ptak, 2011). Starbucks uses an algorithm named thousand dollar consumption algorithm to calculate the safety material consumption for the next week. This model is applicable for them to make a short term forecast of the material consumption. The best consequence they want most is a smooth rising average. Using the usage amount of weekly material given weekly sale then multiple the next weekly forecasting sales and then multiply 1.15 is the result of safe storage  amount (Starbucks, 2006). A service is an intangible and insubstantial product that cannot be touched or tasted. Services are behaviors, actions and activities (Valarie, Mary, and Dwayne, P. 4). Compare to product, there is no need for transport and storage of service. The world’s largest coffee company, Starbucks, has 18000 stores in over 60 countries and over 200000 employees. To support this global business, the company made a success of how they organized their delivery of their services and goods. The purpose of Starbucks’ is to make a positive impact of one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. Quality used to be the most difficult concept to define. However, the hospitality industry has experienced the increasingly fierce competitions about higher service quality as time goes by (Parayani et al, 2010). In the same way, Starbucks need to pay more attention on what customers want the most from the service delivery. And the customers care more about the things they experienced in current hospitality industry. Total quality management(TQM) becomes a more and more significant business management method which is related with hospitality service(Feigenbaum, 1986). This method is aimed at satisfying customers, benefiting all the members of the organization as well as making good contributions to the society(Parasuraman, Zeithaml& Berry., 1988). It concentrates its attention on product and service quality together with the degree of devotion of members. The total quality management concerns about one process, four stages and eight sections. The management system of Starbucks can be seen as a proper instance to analyze this total quality management concept. As for the one process of Starbucks, the enterprise is ought to meet the different working tasks during different time periods. Every business behavior of the enterprise has a whole process of emerging, forming, conducting and verifying(Greasley, 2010). One specific example is that the quality of beverage of Starbucks is strictly evaluated in different ways, such as the temperate, the taste, and the look of the beverage. The evaluation has its  specific requirement rather than basing on the personal preference of the staff. During different making time and considering several kinds of beverages, different evaluating rules are applied. It displays the fact that Starbucks follow the â€Å"one process† rule in total quality management. In view of the four stages, total quality management points out a cycle system called PDCA cycle. This cycle system performs in the form of planning, doing, checking and acting. In normal situation, the producing process of a beverage needs the effort of planning what material will be adopted, checking the availability of the material and then using it to make the product. Any of these four stages cannot be skipped because any of them has an important impact on final results. There arises the concept of eight sections following the four stages. It begins with analyzing the current performance of the firm to spot the potential quality problems and ends with conclu ding the experience, strengthening the achievement and standardizing the working results. Based on the total quality management, a model named SERVQUAL comes in to being. This model is a new method to evaluate the service quality in hospitality industry(Bojanic, 1994). Its central point is the service quality gap model, namely that service quality is depending on the gap between the aspiration service level of guests and the actual service level they experience(Pitt, 1997). The SERVQUAL model can be simply seen as this formula: the result of SERVQUAL is equal with the actual experiencing result minus expectation result. The higher the SERVQUAL result is, the better service quality is. SERVQUAL is divided the service quality into five aspects: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy(Zeithaml, 1990). Tangibles should have modern service facility, wide attraction of service facility, clear uniform of members and the factor of provided service matching with firms’ facility. Considering the Starbucks, it has the outstanding coffee producing facility, cleaning store environment, quality monitoring system that can meet the international standard. More importantly, the staffs in Starbucks are required to wear the cleaning and green aprons. This requirement not only reflects the idea of environmental protection and healthy pursuing, but also meets the demands of tangibles, which asks the firm to have the clear uniform of  members(Zeithaml, 1996). In view of reliability, it is the ability to correctly and reliable to conduct the service commitment. It includes the requirement of meeting the deadline of promised the service commitment, showing the care and helping the guests when they face the problem and recording the activities and transactions correctly. Starbucks has set a ta rget that the coffee in Starbucks will be authenticated and monitored by the third independent professional party before 2015. There are two requirements considering the coffee producing of Starbucks. The one is that the purchasing process should be legal and reasonable and the coffee cropping process should be responsible. In fact, Starbucks manage to follow such rule, as can be seen from the evidence that it has formed the moral purchasing system called C.A.F.E system. Such behavior shows the fact that Starbucks manage to take the social responsibility, which can help to increase the reliability of the firm and help to build more satisfying reputation. As for the responsiveness, it relates with the wish to improve the service standard when receiving the suggestions from customers. Starbucks has its own unique customer recovery system. To be more precise, if the customers is not satisfied with the product they buy or the service they experience, staff in Starbucks will give them customer recovery coupon as a kind of method to compensate. Besides this, the staffs also follow the listening principle that requires the staff to listen to the feedback from the customers and take relevant actions to solve the issues. In addition, staff should thank for the feedback from customers, no matter it is positive or negative. This recovery system plays an important role in dealing with the customers’ needs and shows high degree of responsiveness inside the Starbucks. With regard to assurance, it concerns about the workers’ degree of confidence and ability to display their knowledge and courtesy. The members in Starbucks are asked to follow the 5B principle. The 5B principle is to be considerate, welcoming, genuine, involved, and knowledgeable. To be considerate is to try to care for others and the whole environment. To be welcoming is to welcome every guest warmly, making them have the sense of belongings. To be genuine is to sincerely contact with guests and build the positive relationship with guests. To be involved is to devote the heart  into work and have the motivation to build a better Starbucks. To be knowledgeable is to be specific about the work and love the work(Starbucks, 2012). It is obvious that having such assurance inside the Starbucks, the operations inside the firm is und er a promising pattern, which is able to develop the quality management level. Finally, it is the concept of empathy, which means that the companies are required to care for guests together with providing the personal service. Applying this ides to Starbucks, workers in Starbucks welcome the guests individually and then kindly ask for the needs of the guests and provide the first-class service for them. Without these operations, operators can not spot in which the service gap exists and then figure out how to eliminate it(Christopher, 2006). Customer’s satisfaction is a very important demand in a hospitality industry(Robledo, 2001). The design of the hospitality industry is mainly divided into two aspects, the physical environment and the servicescape. Especially nowadays, the servicescape play a very important role in the customer’s perceptions. The hospitality, particularly hotels, should make their design and plan match the marketing and customer’s anticipation (Bitner, 1992). So, the core business value of Starbucks is to create a certain servicescape named â€Å"Third Space†(Starbucks, 2012). The third space is defined as shopping and leisure space distinguishing from living space and working space that are marked as the first space and second space individually. In order to improve the life quality, it is a key point to improve the quality of third space. As for Starbucks, it aims to expand the third space for customers. the workers in Starbucks devote themselves to provide more warm atm osphere for customers through sincerely communication and first-class service. Thus, Starbucks is more like a space for relaxing rather than just a coffee store . Under the nine-to-five working form as for most people, it is a real need for them to have an additional relaxing place and Starbucks well provides this kind of space due to its value of providing third space for customers. This value has won more and more popularity among customers. There are some knowledge of the waiting lines called queuing theory, which is a very important part of the operations management, and it is a very effective tool that every operators need to know. The most common discipline of queue is â€Å"FCFS†, which means first come first service; also it  is the same as first in first service. The Structure of a waiting line system has three parts: arrivals, queue discipline and the service facility. So, considering the arrival characteristics, it is mainly divided into three major characteristics: amount of the arrival population, behavior of arrivals and the mode of arrivals. There are two most important characteristics involving in the form of the service system and the allocation of the service time. And the basic queuing system can be divided into several models: single channel queuing system, multiple channel system, single phase system and multiple channel system (Heizer, J., p. 773). A service facility can be seen as a channel, it usually can be one open teller or a check out service. And different customers’ demand makes different phases of the queuing models. Also the queuing cost is quiet important, the operators must recognize that there are mainly divided into two parts of the queuing cost, the cost of providing good quality services and the cost of the lost of waiting time(Gross, 2008). But if a manager want to ensure the quality of the products, sometimes the queuing cost is necessary(Hayes, 2011). However, it is very important to balance the savings in service cost(Prabhu, 1997). But to minimize the cost of lost time waiting, Starbucks usually will arrange a senior partner to chat with customers, care about their demands, asking about the customized order then mark it to the partners in the bar counter, save time for both customers and the store. Also this senior partner will arrange some activities according to the queuing condition and his own experience. This partner’s job is to distract customers’ attention. By using this time, the partner can introduce the new product to the customers and send some free giveaway d rinks and dessert. Usually the free giveaway drinks will be the drinks which are new to the market. Also this partner can seize this opportunity to promote the member card of Starbucks and the items on the cabinets, which are thoughtfully placed exactly beside the queue lines. Because of the characteristic of service that cannot be storage and service takes time and the time is variable, also the customers often arrives at variable time. Therefore, the limited of the service capacity caused the bottlenecks in the process. In Starbucks, there is a special character  called Floater. Floater is like a free man that does not have a fixed work. Floater’s duty is to make sure everything goes fine. There are often two tellers in a Starbucks’ store, and the Floater’s fundamental job is to guide the customers wait in line and make sure the queue goes smooth, then get to know the customers’ demands then marks it down on the beverage cups within their own special marks which made by Starbucks, this work will efficiently relieve the pressure of partners who works inside the bar. Also the floater needs to notice the whole store, make some operational flexibility measures to ensure the positive operation of the store. One of the operations management’s main functions is to concern about the process design. The process of operation is to transform the input resources into output services and products. Process design can not only improve one’s quality, but also optimize the capacity of the hospitality organisation. Process shortening is also a very important operation about saving customers’ time and improving customers’ satisfaction. So the Starbucks made a model called â€Å"Four Classes Beverage Procedure†. This model segment the beverage according to the quantity level of the beverages in waiting queue that is needed to be made during the service time. So the average making time of the first class drink is approximate 45 seconds, while the second, third, and fourth class needs 37, 30, 25 seconds separately. The higher the class, the more time is spent on making the drink. The serving time of the first class demands one staff, which is required to make from zero to five cups of drink alone. It is allowed to make only two cups one time in this procedure. More importantly, it is a need for the staff to contact with waiting customers during the making time of the drink. This rule makes good contributions to the customers’ satisfaction, because it alleviates the impatience of the waiting customers. Service is unable to be stocked and is needed to be created immediately when customers come. Queues are caused by variable arrival and processing rates(Cochran, 2008). According to this, the likelihood of increasing the customers’ demands is accumulated. In terms of the second, third, fourth class, the difference relays on the number of required staff and beverages to be made. However, these four-class procedures share a common factor that the staff is required to have a contact with waiting customers. It is a core idea associated with culture of Starbucks. This idea has positive influence to increase customers’  satisfaction of the brand, thus raising the demand of customers. As more customers coming, the supply of the Starbucks should be added in order to balance the relation between supply and demand. Quality is the soul of a company, and the author can not agreed any more about this. This essay clarified the elements which are needed to balance the supply and demand in a hospitality organisation. Starbucks, the world leading coffee retail company, did a great job to balance the supply and demand in service quality aspect by using the 5B principle. The Starbucks applied some operations and services management theories which are already talked about in this essay, such as TQM and the SERVQUAL to balance the supply and demand between company and customers. Also according to author’s experience and observation, quality and capacity management is very important in the operations management indeed. WHY USING THE FOLLOWING REFERENCE: By using the model SERVQUAL which proposed by Parasuraman et al. (1985), the author can clearly clarify the characteristics of Starbucks combine with the author’s own experience and observation. It also helped the author to systematic describe how Starbucks manipulate their quality management. TQM can be seen as a basic measurement of quality,which is widely adopted by the service industry. The author thinks Starbucks also used this to justify their goods and services. Quality is the soul of a company. The author can not agreed any more about this. The servicescape theory is widely accepted and used by many people, and many operations strategies are emerged based on servicescape. REFERNCE: Brown, S. W. And Swartz, T. A.(1989), A gap Analysis of professional service quality, Journal of Marketing, 53, (2), pp. 92-96. Christopher, L., Jochen, W. and Jayanta, C. (2006), Marketing of services, people, technology, strategy, Pearson education, pp. 393-395. Cochran, J. K. and K. Roche. (2008), A Queuing-Based Decision Support Methodology to Estimate Hospital Inpatient Bed Demand, Journal of the Operational Research Society 59, No. 11 Crandall, R., Markland, R., 1996. Demand management: today’s challenge for service industries. Production and Operations Management 5 (1), 106-120. Feigenbaum, A.V. (1986) Total Quality Control, McGraw-Hill. Fitzsimmons and Fitzsimmons (2011) Service Management: Operations, Stratehy, Information Technology, 7th Edition, McGraw-Hill. Greasley (2010), Operations Management, 2nd Edition, Wiley, Chapter 11. Gross, Donald, John F. Shortle, James M. Thompson, and Carl M. Harris., (2008) Fundamentals of Queuing Theory, 4th edition. New York. Hayes, D. K. & Miller, A.A. (2011), Revenue management for the Hospitality Industry, John Wiley, Chapter 6. Heizer, J., Render, B., (2007), Operations Management, Prentice Hall, pp. 571-582. Parasuaraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A. And Berry, L. L (1988), A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality, Journal of retailing, 64(1), pp. 12-40. Parayani, K., Masoudi, A. And Cudney, E. (2010), QFD application in hospitality industry – a hotel case study, Quality Management Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1, pp. 7-28 Prabhu, N. U., (1997), Foundations of Queuing Theory, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands. Ptak, Carol & Smith, Chad (2011). Orlicky’s MRP 3rd edition, New York, McGraw-Hill, 2011, p. 31 Robledo, M. A.(2001), Measuring and managing service quality: integrating customer expectations, Managing Service Quality, 11, pp. 22-32. Slack, N., et al (2010), Operations Management, 6th Edition, Wiley, Chapters 1,3,5 and 7 Valarie A. Zeithaml, Mary Jo Bitner, and Dwayne D. Gremler, (2006), Services Marketing. 4th ed., New York, McGraw-Hill, p. 4. Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L. and Parasuraman, A. (1996), The behavioral consequences of service quality, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 31-46. Zeithaml, V. A. And Bitner, M. J. (2003), Service Marketing: Integrating Customer Focus across the Firm, McGraw-Hill, New York.

The Importance Of The Laws Of The Pentateuch For Christians

Studies in the Pentateuch: Essay 2 The Importance of the Laws of the Pentateuch for Christians Introduction The laws of the Pentateuch are completely irrelevant to us as Christians today. This opinion is commonly heard in Christian circles1. However, is it really the case? In Matthew 5:18 Jesus declares that ‘not the smallest letter’ will disappear from the law until the end of time as we know it. If this topic was important enough for Jesus to comment on, it is certainly worth our full consideration. Subsequently, this essay will seek to engage with the Bible and secondary sources in order to uncover the importance of the laws of the Pentateuch for Christians today. Biblical Overview Jesus is recorded as declaring that the law is significant forever in the gospel. Mirroring the comments in Matthew 5:18, one translation of Luke 16:17 records Jesus as saying that the law has not lost its force. Furthermore, Jesus adds that it is easier for ‘heaven and Earth to disappear’ than for God’s law to be overturned in the slightest2. This, coming from our Lord and Saviour, seems to be abundant evidence that the laws of the Pentateuch are not only relevant today, but need to be followed. Jesus also clarifies in Matthew 5:17 that He did not come to earth to abolish the law. However, if this is the case, why do we live as we do today – not observing the law? If we were following it, we would; get put to death if we mowed the lawns (or did anything ‘work-like’) on Saturdays3, wouldShow MoreRelatedChapter 5 : The Ten Commandments Reviewed1442 Words   |  6 PagesDeuteronomy 5: 1-21 The Ten Commandments Reviewed The book of Deuteronomy is the fifth book of the Christian and Jewish Bible and the final book of the Pentateuch. Deuteronomy 5: 1-21 begins with Moses summoning all of Israel and declaring the Ten Commandments to the people of the land. The analysis of historical context, literary techniques and the reader’s response to this passage, empowers the readers to appreciate the purpose of the passage. In the book Deuteronomy chapter five, events unfoldRead MoreEssay on What is the Christians Relationship to the Old Testament887 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction. Before the gospels and Pauline epistles, early church Christians related to the Old Testament as Scripture and viewed their Christian walk as the fulfillment of the promises made to Israel from the Old Testament, which foretold of the coming age of the Messiah. The first New Testament Christians understood the importance of the Old Testament; it was their â€Å"Bible† they preached from. Just as in the early church, Christians today need the Old Testament for preaching and in which to referenceRead MoreThe Old Testament Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagesproblematic ethically and hence is less helpful than the New Testament, through New Testament violence finally exceeds that of the Old Testament. 4. Questions arise about the authority and consequent use of the Bible. 5. Ethical differences among Christians are often sharp.† (297 298) The first statement regarding ethical issues draws me toward the thought of Solomon and his wives and concubines. In First Kings 11:3 the Bible states â€Å"he had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubinesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Law Of Moses 1745 Words   |  7 PagesHis people the Law of Moses to guide them and to help set up their civil courts. The Law of Moses are boundaries set by God to keep His people faithful to Him. Reading biblical law integrates three research groups, law, jurisprudence, and literary theory. While giving a new method of interpretation. It focuses on the character and events and how they are described. While rhetorical elements serve to expound on the content, the communication process through the writer to give the law to the audienceRead MoreThe Between Jewish And Christian Scholars Essay945 Words   |  4 Pagesto the slaughter.† He was a character who â€Å"had done no violence, nor was any deceit in his mouthà ¢â‚¬ , and suffered â€Å"the punishment that brought us peace was on him†. This has been a subject of debate between Jewish and Christian scholars. In Contra Celsus, a writing by an early Christian theologian, Origen of Alexandria, he discusses the incidence where he mentioned this verse to a Jewish theologian: Now I remember that, on one occasion†¦I quoted these prophecies; to which my Jewish opponent repliedRead MoreWisdom Tradition And The Old Testament Essay2163 Words   |  9 Pages5) The Old Testament is the beginning first section of the Christian Bible. The Old Testament consists of many distinct books written, compiled, and edited by various authors and different Christian religions over a period of centuries. Each religion had a certain purpose and goal for their interpretation of God or Yahweh. The first five books of the Old Testament and Moses are the Pentateuch. The books that are presented in the Pentateuch are Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy.Read MoreRelationship Between Obedience And The Law And Gods Blessing931 Words   |  4 Pagestrue to his law. This essay will explore the relationship between obedience to the law and Gods blessing using Jacqueline Grey’s Them, Us Me principle of looking at the bible. Them The book of Deuteronomy was written while Israel was in a time of wandering the wilderness due to disobedience. The 40 years of wandering were almost up and God was re-affirming the covenant and giving them the law that covered all areas of their lives. Right near the end of this massive book of covenant law God promisesRead MoreThe Psalter Reclaimed Reflection Essay1722 Words   |  7 Pagespartial fulfillment of the requirements for the completion of the course OBST 520 ? D06 Old Testament Orientation II by Oliver M. Brown April 24, 2016 ii Introduction The book of Psalms has been divided into five major sections, like the Pentateuch, with each sections ending with a doxology. It has the most chapters in the Bible, including the longest and the shortest chapters. In completing the reading assignment, a greater insight and understanding about the book of Psalms was gained. InRead MoreAbrahamic Religions : Judaism, Christianity, And Islam1407 Words   |  6 Pagesthe small town of Bethlehem to a virgin named Mary, just a few miles southwest of Jerusalem. (MacCulloch ,36-37) The Christian religion is centered around the idea that Jesus is the son of God, the messiah. The religion itself is based on the life and teachings of Jesus. It is believed that Jesus was crucified and died for the sins of others, and that he rose from the dead. Christians study the Holy Bible and consider it to be a record of the relationship between God and mankind. Christianity is consideredRead MoreExegesis of Genesis 22:1-192385 Words   |  10 PagesJudah (6BCE.) These narrated events are in a chronological sequence (Barton 2001:38).It is the first book of the Old Testament and Pentateuch (Barton 2001:12) . Jews name these five books the Torah or ‘the law’(Holdsworth 2005:71). The passage(Gen22:1-19) reveals God’s relationship through a trial with a major character, Abraham. Key themes that are central to the Pentateuch lie within the passage; the sovereignty and grace of God; sacrifice and obedience; the establishment and reaffirming of covenants

How the Earth Was Made - 713 Words

The three myths Chinese, African, and Norse have the same way of the earth being made because they all have it that men made the earth. This story has it that the heaven and earth were integrated into one body that reminds you of an egg, that Pangu slept inside. He slept for about 18,000 years and then woke up. He noticed that he was in a vast of dark; therefore, he made his hands huge and cut into the darkness. After an explosion, heaven and earth started to split. He was scared that the heaven and earth may go together again, so he held the heaven with his hands and carefully walked on land. His body grew three meters every day. therefore, the distance between heaven and earth became three meters longer every day. Another 18,000 years passed and now heaven became far away from the earth and the earth was now very thick. At the same time, Pangu also grew to be a huge man. During this time, heaven continued ascending and expanding while the earth sinking and getting thicker until the distance between them was as far as 90,000 kilometers which had reached the extreme. That was the situation of the universe in our eyes at current time. Pangu gradually got weaker after he separated heaven and the earth. After he died his body turned into all the things in the universe. His left eye became the sun and his right eye, the moon. The protruded parts in his body turned out to be high mountains and his blood became rivers. His muscle became the soil field, and his hair and beardShow MoreRelatedThe World Was Made By Native American Origins And The Sky Tree1557 Words   |  7 PagesNative Americans and European people have been around on Earth for the last couple hundred years with spiritual and civic traditions following them. A famous spiritual tradition was spiritual stories, such as who was the creator of the Earth. Civic documents are present in present day such as the Constitution of the United States or the Iroquois Constitution. They did share similarities such as in each spiritual story Earth started as water but differences such as religion based constitutions versusRead MoreThe And Hopi And Zuni Tribes1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe Earth existed for at least 4.5 billion years before modern humans came into being. The different cultures of the world have different ideas or stories of how humans came to be. The Hopi and Zuni tribes have creation stories that were passed from generation to generation. These stories claim that the world, despite being made before man, is meant to be ruled by and sustain mankind. Daniel Quinn’s novel, Ishmael, imagines its own creation myths to showcase how these stories work and the messagesRead MoreThe, God The Almighty1190 Words   |  5 PagesAlmighty has given life to earth. Many believe these stories but no one knows what really happened back centuries ago. We just have to believe evidences we are passed on from the past. First Nation and Christianity are really familiar, but what keeps them separated from each other is that their deity gives their believers different values which makes them into different culture. First nation and Christianity tell these stories because they believe telling these stories will show how significant their cultureRead MoreIs Mineral Evolution A Frame For Understanding Minerals And All The Stages And Process That Created Them?894 Words   |  4 Pagesrelated to minerals and their origin. As we all know, Earth was formed 4.6 billion years ago. There were no minerals, in fact, even no kind of solids were there. Years passed by, new mineral-generating processes came into play which resulted into development of Earth’s diverse mineralogy. Earth today, in contrast, have nearly more than 4,400 mineral species. Still, there are more to be discovered. Still, there are many question in our mind, how did these all things happened? What caused Earth’s diversificationRead MoreBillions of Years vs. Thousands of Years858 Words   |  4 PagesThe earth is known to be old, but what is the truth of how old is the earth. There is scientific evidence of how old it is , some would say it’s Billions of years and some would say Thousands of years old. There is a lot of factors like rocks layers, plants, animals, sun, moon and many more facts that can predict how many years has the earth been around. But to find the truth if it’s a Billions of years or Thousands of years we would have to compare the two and even look into scientist discoveringRead MoreThe Creation Myths And The Idea Of Earth Being Made Out Of Organic Material1258 Words   |  6 Pagescommon: the idea of humans being made out of organic material, the idea of Earth being made in utter chaos, and the idea of Earth being made of out a body of some kind. Humans had to come from somewhere for us to be here right now. Most creators chose to make humans out of materials that were underneath their feet. Earth had to come from somewhere, but how was it organized or was it? In many creation myths, we also see a battle that will occur in order for Earth to be formed out of some type of humanRead MoreEssay on Popular Theories of the Origns of Life on Earth852 Words   |  4 Pagesformation of Earth roughly 13 billion years ago. Substantial scientific research and theories are in agreement that when Earth was born, conditions on Earth was harsh. Due to nuclear fusion, Earth was very hot. One theory suggest that the heat of Earth evaporates the water which forms clouds and subsequently leads to rain. As Earth cooled, gravity traps the water collected and oceans started to form. Another theory suggested that oceans were formed by comet containing frozen H2O colliding with Earth. CoupledRead MoreTheories about the Creation of Earth674 Words   |  3 PagesThe Young Earth Theory There are four main views on how our planet Earth was created. The first view is the Young Earth View, which states that planet Earth was created in literal days. God created everything within a seven 24 hour periods. The second view on how the Earth was created is The Day Age (Old Earth) theory. This theory suggests that God created the world in different ages, because one large chunk of time to us might merely mean a day to God. This explains why people believe thatRead MoreThe Book of Genesis815 Words   |  3 Pagesworld. Genesis answers some of life’s biggest questions- why are we here, how did everything come to be, how do I relate to others around me. Through this story, God’s unchanging nature is revealed. We are exposed to man’s shortcomings and failures, but we are also offered the hope of one to come who will be the savior of all. The first eleven chapters of Genesis provide a foundation for a Biblical worldview- an explanation of how a Christian sh ould view the natural world, human identity, human relationshipsRead MoreComparing The Greek Mythology And The Cherokee1053 Words   |  5 Pages Every culture has its own past belief on how everything was created; Gods, lands, plants, animals, creatures, and humans all have a unique story to be told throughout the ages. But it is plain to see there is some overlap between ideas on how everything was made. Take the Greek Mythology, the most popular and well known type of mythos, has connections to other cultures like Nordic and Native American. But of course, each story has their own twist or other idea to it, as well. There are quite

The Dod Developed The Cyber Strategy - 1072 Words

Case Study Description The DoD developed the cyber strategy with three primary missions in mind. The first mission is to defend DoD networks, systems, and information. Next is to defend the U.S. homeland and U.S. national interests against cyberattacks of significant consequence and finally to provide cyber support to military operational and contingency plans. To accomplish this mission, the Secretary of Defense and the current USCYBERCOM Commander acknowledges that the â€Å"DoD must develop its cyber forces and strengthen its cyber defense and cyber deterrence posture† (Special Report: Cyber Strategy, n.d.). With this in mind the DoD set the requirement to have all 133 of USCYBERCOM’s cyber teams achieve initial operating capability by the†¦show more content†¦In regards to policy and doctrine, the assessment would need to utilize three main documents, namely the Cyber Force Concept of Operations and Employment (CFCOE), the Joint Cyberspace Training and Cert ification Standards (JCTCS), and the Cyber Mission Force Joint Training and Readiness Manual (TR Manual). The CFCOE is a comprehensive, evolving, document defining CMF teams’ roles, functions, and operational processes. Next, the JCTCS defines the knowledge, skills, and abilities required for each cyber mission force work role (i.e., position). Lastly, the TR Manual stipulates the requirements to assess individual and team readiness using a common set of joint tasks, conditions, and standards for all cyber mission team positions (Department of Defense, 2014). Key stakeholders included Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD), the Armed Services, the Joint Staff, the National Guard Bureau, USCYBERCOM. By developing a comprehensive assessment to evaluate the cyber team’s ability to meet full operational capacity, this project outcome would nest in the overall USCYBERCOM cyber strategy of developing cyber forces and strengthening the United States cyber defense and cyber deterrence posture while building cyber capabilities and organizations. Describes the project outcome The project was successful in the deliverance of the objectives outlined by the key stakeholders in accordance with theShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Quantum Dynamics Inc.841 Words   |  4 PagesQuantum Dynamics Inc. is a SBA Certified Woman-Owned Small Disadvantaged Business headquartered in Macon, GA with regional offices in McLean, VA, Fort Gordon, GA, Huntsville, AL, and Fayetteville, NC. Our core competencies are Cyber Security, Training, Information Technology, and Logistics. We have 15 years in business, are a successful graduate of the 8a program, and provide solutions that are innovative, efficient and resourceful. We find ways to achieve more with less; to consolidate while modernizing;Read MorePresident Reagan Signed Into Law A National Security Decision Directive1344 Words   |  6 PagesCongress to pass a bill, assigning the National Bureau of Standards (now NIST), under the Department of Commerce, responsibility for developing standards a nd guidelines for the security of Federal computer systems, drawing upon technical guidelines developed by the NSA when such guidelines are consistent with the requirements for protecting sensitive information. NSA took control of security of military classified networks and computers. According to Fred Kaplan, in his book, Dark Territory, Fred explainsRead MoreCreating A New Cyber Force1182 Words   |  5 Pagesbattlefield domain where a keyboard and mouse are the new weapons of conflict. With land, sea, air and space in the background, warfare has entered a fifth domain: cyber. In this position paper, using a pro and con format, the debate on whether or not the Department of Defense (DoD) should create a new, independent branch for cyber will be discussed. To do this, the following will examine both sides of debate by highlighting two main points: the elimination of duplication of effort and the intensiveRead MoreHomeland Security And Homeland Defense1390 Words   |  6 PagesCentury defines homeland security as, â€Å"the protection of the territory, critical infrastructures, and citizens of the United States by Federal, State, and local government entities from the threat or use of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, cyber, or conventional weapon s by military or other means.† (2006, pg. 24). The five current primary missions of the DHS are preventing terrorism, securing borders, enforcing and administering immigration laws, securing cyberspace, and preparing and respondingRead MoreMilitary Cyber Systems Can Be Attacked From External And Internal Threats1768 Words   |  8 Pages an author who investigates and writes on the topic of cyberwar stated, â€Å"the absence of historical data makes it nearly impossible to analytically calculate the probability of a genuine cyber Armageddon (2014).† Past exploitations of military cyber systems and their consequences History shows that military cyber systems can be attacked from external and internal threats. In 2008 a flash drive infected with malicious code spread throughout the system once an internal user connected it to a militaryRead MoreA New Cyber Security Initiative For The Army Materiel Command1678 Words   |  7 Pagesrecruited to set up and lead a new cyber security initiative for the Army Materiel Command (AMC), a 53 Billion dollar year logistics command that serves as the army version of amazon for the army’s current inventory of weapons, supplies and vehicles. AMC, at this time, had over a 100k workforce spread across 140 locations worldwide. During this timeframe, the Department of Defense was still trying to define Cyber Security and mature the process they had in place. DOD was a large target and AMC rankedRead MoreIdentifying And Prosecuting Computer Crime2560 Words   |  11 Pagesdevelopment of any society is accompanied by a unique pattern of crime. The innovation of digital technology came to us as a blessing but not without its’ dark side. This innovation brought about novel challenges popularly referred to as cyber-crime. Policing the prevalence of cyber-crime and its threat to electronic commerce has been of great concern to all government. Twenty-first century, the criminals increasingly rely on advanced technologies and Internet to promote their illegal operations. AccordingRead MoreStrategic Direction On The United States1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States will not be able to effectively rebalance the Joint Force in 2025 unless sequestration is reversed. The current U.S. strategic direction has prompted a shift of military resources to the Asia-Pacific. Globalization, cyber-attacks and advances in technology will further challenge the Joint Forces in the next ten years. It is imperative that the U.S. Joint Forces be adequately funded in order to identify and develop critical technology, establish policies and maintain adequate forceRead MoreThe Department Of Defense s Operational Risk Management Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesoperations; mission essential functions; planning development; and preparedness. Furthermore, it will look what types a factors should be looked at when making an organizations plans . In addition, this paper will look at mitigating risks, specifically cyber and physical risk mitigation and some of the different approaches risks can be mitigated. Finally, this paper will briefly look at the Department of Defense’s Operational Risk Management process and how it ties planning and mitigation together. Read MoreWhen Cybersecurity Policy Is Discussed The Topics Often1145 Words   |  5 Pagesoften focus on technology, corporate culture, and security awareness. The success of an organization in defending its most valuable asset, data, depends on the proper implementation of several security practices. Ensuring that the â€Å"human aspect† of cyber security is addressed is vital, for the culture of an organization can greatly impact both the security posture and defense of information networks. This paper addresses the human aspects responsible for SCADA System vulnerabilities and provides a